Geghard Monastery

Geghard sits at the head of the Azat Valley, where the cliffs close in. Its main church was built in the early 13th century, but the monastery is best known for the chapels and halls carved directly into the rock behind it, lit only by daylight falling through openings in the roof. Together with the upper Azat Valley, it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The name means “spear”, after the lance said to have pierced Christ, once kept here. If you are lucky, a choir or visiting group may sing in one of the rock-cut chambers, where the echo is extraordinary. Look out for khachkars, the intricately carved cross-stones that are a hallmark of Armenian art.

Dress modestly and expect some uneven steps. Pair it with Garni Temple for an easy half-day trip from Yerevan.